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Iridovirus

Iridoviruses are a family of large, double-stranded DNA viruses that primarily infect invertebrates, including insects, crustaceans, and amphibians. The name "Iridovirus" is derived from the iridescent appearance of infected tissues under a microscope due to the presence of crystalline arrays of virions. These viruses are classified into two genera: Iridovirus and Chloriridovirus. They possess icosahedral symmetry and exhibit a complex structure with an outer lipid envelope, an icosahedral protein capsid, and an inner core containing the viral genome. Iridovirus infections can have significant ecological and economic implications, particularly in aquaculture, where they can cause mass mortalities in farmed fish and shrimp. The viruses are highly resistant to environmental conditions, contributing to their persistence in aquatic environments. Research on iridoviruses extends beyond their pathogenicity, with investigations into their molecular biology, genome structure, and potential applications in biotechnology. Understanding iridovirus interactions with their hosts is essential for developing strategies to mitigate their impact on aquaculture and ecosystems.

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