The concept of one health and zoonotic vaccines highlights the interdependence of human, animal, and environmental health in combating infectious diseases. Many high-impact pathogens—such as influenza, Ebola, and coronaviruses—originate in animal reservoirs, necessitating cross-species surveillance and prevention. Zoonotic vaccines play a dual role in protecting both human and animal populations, reducing the risk of spillover events. Collaborative efforts between veterinary and human health sectors are driving development of vaccines targeting livestock, wildlife, and vectors. One health and zoonotic vaccines align scientific innovation with ecological responsibility, emphasizing shared immunity and global resilience. This integrated approach is critical for pandemic preparedness, especially as human-animal interactions increase due to urbanization and environmental change.
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