Development of a Novel Multi-component Vaccine to Address the Burden of Otitis Media in High-Risk Populations

Title : Development of a Novel Multi-component Vaccine to Address the Burden of Otitis Media in High-Risk Populations

Abstract:

Background: Middle ear infection (otitis media) remains the most common childhood disease diagnosed among Australian Indigenous children. Despite extensive antibiotic usage, it persists as a significant health concern, characterized by substantial morbidity and economic burden. Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common culprits for acute otitis media. Currently, pneumococcal and influenza vaccines are utilized as a preventive measure against otitis media. However, their efficacy is limited to prevent carriage and/or illness induced by non-vaccine serotypes. Otitis media stemming from non-vaccine serotype pneumococci, non-typeable H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis pose significant healthcare challenges.

Methods & Findings: Given the expansive heterogeneity of pathogens involved in otitis media, a multicomponent vaccine is essential for adequate protection. This study is focused on devising a novel multicomponent vaccine targeting two major etiological agents, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis. Our vaccine formulation features novel protein antigens derived from M. catarrhalis, non-typeable H. influenzae, and genetically modified outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) from M. catarrhalis. We have successfully expressed and purified recombinant protein antigens from NTHi and M. catarrhalis using E. coli expression system and immobilized metal affinity chromatography. We have also generated knockout mutants of M. catarrhalis lacking targeted immunodominant strain-variable proteins. These mutants are currently being used to purify OMVs. Preclinical investigations will encompass rigorous evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity and cross-reactivity against heterologous strains in mice.

Conclusion: By combining novel protein antigens with genetically modified outer-membrane vesicles, this study aims to overcome the limitations of current vaccine approaches. Forthcoming preclinical evaluations will provide critical insights into its immunogenicity and cross-reactivity, paving the way for future advancements in otitis media prevention.

Biography:

Ayesha Zahid is a dedicated researcher with diverse expertise in congenital cataracts research, prebiotics synthesis, shingles vaccine development, and otitis media vaccine development. She holds a BS in Biotechnology, graduating with a gold medal for academic excellence, and a Master’s by Research degree with a second gold medal. Ayesha is currently pursuing a PhD at the Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics of Griffith University, focusing on an otitis media vaccine development project. She is a recipient of the Harvey Coates PhD Fellowship. She is also working as an Associate level A lecturer at Griffith University. She has presented her research at prestigious platforms like IUIS, OMOZ, etc., and has published many impactful articles in reputable journals, reflecting her strong academic and research foundation and commendable impact factor.Ayesha Zahid is a dedicated researcher with diverse expertise in congenital cataracts research, prebiotics synthesis, shingles vaccine development, and otitis media vaccine development. She holds a BS in Biotechnology, graduating with a gold medal for academic excellence, and a Master’s by Research degree with a second gold medal. Ayesha is currently pursuing a PhD at the Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics of Griffith University, focusing on an otitis media vaccine development project. She is a recipient of the Harvey Coates PhD Fellowship. She is also working as an Associate level A lecturer at Griffith University. She has presented her research at prestigious platforms like IUIS, OMOZ, etc., and has published many impactful articles in reputable journals, reflecting her strong academic and research foundation and commendable impact factor.