By chemically linking antigens to carrier proteins, conjugate vaccines have transformed immune responses, particularly in infants and young children. This technique enhances T-cell involvement, improving immunological memory and long-term protection against encapsulated bacteria. Conjugation has enabled successful vaccines against pathogens like Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis. Research continues to optimize carrier protein selection, conjugation methods, and antigen presentation. The expanding use of synthetic linkers and bioconjugation technologies also increases stability and scalability. As antimicrobial resistance rises and new serotypes emerge, conjugate vaccines remain a cornerstone in pediatric and adult immunization programs, bridging safety and efficacy in populations with varied immune responses.
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Title : Emerging nanovaccine strategies for enhanced immune targeting and vaccine performance
Aysel Sadayli, V.Y. Axundov Scientific-Research Institute of Medical Prophylaxis, Azerbaijan
Title : Reaching zero-dose children through adaptive immunization strategies in security-compromised areas of Zamfara State, Nigeria
Attahir Abubakar, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria
Title : Advancing vaccine availability and equity in low-resource settings: Evidence from Awendo Sub-County, Kenya
Millicent Ochieng, Clinton Health Access Initiative, Kenya