The tumor microenvironment (TME) poses challenges to vaccine efficacy, as it often creates a suppressive environment that hinders immune responses. The TME comprises various cells, including regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which can inhibit the activation and proliferation of immune cells. Vaccine strategies aimed at altering the TME focus on stimulating immune cells within this environment, improving the vaccine's ability to generate an anti-tumor response. Some approaches involve using adjuvants that modulate the TME to enhance vaccine-induced immunity. Additionally, combining vaccines with treatments that target TME components, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, can improve vaccine responses in cancer therapy. By understanding and overcoming the barriers posed by the TME, researchers hope to enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines and create more favorable conditions for immune system engagement.
Khursheed Anwer
IMUNON, United States
Regina Au
BioMarketing Insight, United States
Madhu Khanna
University of Delhi, India
Khursheed Anwer
IMUNON, United States
Regina Au
BioMarketing Insight, United States
Madhu Khanna
University of Delhi, India
Lara Isis Teodoro
Mayo Clinic, United States
Ahmed Abdulazeez
BHRUT Trust, United Kingdom
Elena Chiappini
University of Florence, ItalySubmit your abstract Today
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Madhu Khanna, University of Delhi, India
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Livia Daflon Silva, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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