The evolution of pathogens is a major challenge in the development and effectiveness of vaccines. As pathogens mutate, they may alter the antigens that trigger immune responses, potentially rendering previously developed vaccines less effective or ineffective against new strains. This is particularly evident in rapidly evolving viruses like influenza, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2. Mutations and genetic shifts in these viruses may lead to antigenic variation, meaning that the immune system may no longer recognize the pathogen in the same way. To address this issue, scientists are employing advanced techniques such as genomic surveillance and predictive modeling to track the evolution of pathogens and anticipate new variants. By understanding these evolutionary patterns, vaccine developers can design more adaptable and broad-spectrum vaccines that remain effective even as pathogens evolve, ensuring continued protection against emerging threats.
Title : A promising novel approach to DNA vaccines
Khursheed Nadeem Anwer, IMUNON, United States
Title : Nanoscopic SubATVax™ adjuvanted vaccines against influenza A types H3N2, H1N1 and influenza type B for subcutaneous administration
David Craig Wright, D4 Labs, LLC, United States
Title : The importance of post-marketing surveillance and real-world data for a product to be successful
Regina Au, BioMarketing Insight, United States
Title : Prophylactic and molecular approaches for mitigating human influenza A viruses: i. Evaluating influenza vaccine effectiveness in the older population ii. Down-regulation of influenza virus genes with novel sirna-chimeric-ribozyme constructs
Madhu Khanna, University of Delhi, India
Title : Commensal bacteria drive B-cell lymphomagenesis in the setting of innate immunodeficiency
Ping Xie, Rutgers University, United States
Title : The role of immunity in the pathogenesis of SARS-COV-2 and in the protection generated by COVID-19 in different age groups
Ahmed Abdulazeez, BHRUT Trust, United Kingdom
Title : Establishing a platform method for physical appearance assessment of new parenteral pharmaceuticals
Ying Wan, Merck & Co., United States
Title : Evaluating the immunogenic impact of process impurities in mRNA vaccine production: Establishing integrated control strategies and specifications
Jesse Kuiper, Merck Research Laboratories, United States
Title : New biomarkers in leishmania major vaccine development
Negar Seyed, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Title : Advances in vaccines: Revolutionizing disease prevention
Delia Teresa Sponza, Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey