Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin and transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. This condition can be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens, or irritants, leading to redness, itching, tearing, and discharge from the eyes. Viral conjunctivitis is often associated with respiratory infections, while bacterial conjunctivitis can result from various bacteria strains. Allergic conjunctivitis is triggered by allergens like pollen or pet dander, and irritant conjunctivitis can occur due to exposure to smoke or chemicals. Diagnosis involves a thorough eye examination, and treatment depends on the underlying cause. Viral conjunctivitis is typically self-limiting, while bacterial conjunctivitis may require antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Allergic conjunctivitis may be managed with antihistamines or other allergy medications. Preventive measures include practicing good hand hygiene, avoiding touching the eyes, and managing allergies. Conjunctivitis is highly contagious, and individuals with symptoms should take precautions to prevent its spread. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management help alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.
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