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Co-evolution of Pathogens and Vaccines

The co-evolution of pathogens and vaccines is an ongoing and dynamic process, where pathogens continuously evolve to evade the immune responses triggered by vaccines, and vaccines are updated to counter these adaptations. Pathogens, particularly viruses and bacteria, evolve rapidly, developing mutations that help them escape detection by the immune system. This ongoing evolutionary battle necessitates regular updates to vaccines to ensure they remain effective. For example, influenza viruses mutate each season, requiring new formulations of the flu vaccine. Similarly, COVID-19 variants have led to updates in vaccine compositions. The co-evolution process is a driving force for developing next-generation vaccines that can target multiple strains or provide broader protection against a wide range of pathogens. Vaccine developers must stay ahead of pathogen evolution, ensuring that vaccines can continue to offer immunity against newly emerging strains, thereby maintaining their role in global health.

Committee Members
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Khursheed Anwer

Khursheed Anwer

IMUNON, United States
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Regina Au

Regina Au

BioMarketing Insight, United States
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Madhu Khanna

Madhu Khanna

University of Delhi, India
IVC 2025 Speakers
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Khursheed Anwer

Khursheed Anwer

IMUNON, United States
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Regina Au

Regina Au

BioMarketing Insight, United States
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Madhu Khanna

Madhu Khanna

University of Delhi, India
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Lara Isis Teodoro

Lara Isis Teodoro

Mayo Clinic, United States
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Ahmed Abdulazeez

Ahmed Abdulazeez

BHRUT Trust, United Kingdom
Speaker at International Vaccines Congress 2025 - Elena Chiappini

Elena Chiappini

University of Florence, Italy
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