Chlamydia infections are caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and represent one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) globally. These infections can affect both men and women and often go unnoticed, as they may present with mild or no symptoms. Common symptoms include genital discharge, pain during urination, and pelvic pain in women. If left untreated, chlamydia infections can lead to serious complications, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women, which may result in fertility issues. In men, untreated infections can cause epididymitis and, rarely, reactive arthritis. Diagnosis involves laboratory tests on samples from infected sites, and treatment typically consists of antibiotics, most commonly azithromycin or doxycycline. Regular screening and prompt treatment are essential to prevent complications and further transmission. Preventive measures include practicing safe sex, using condoms, and getting regular screenings, especially for individuals at higher risk. Given the often asymptomatic nature of chlamydia, raising awareness about STI testing and safe sexual practices is crucial for public health.
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