Title : The epidemiology and management of peptic ulcer disease: A comprehensive analysis
Abstract:
Introduction: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder characterized by mucosal erosion in the stomach or duodenum, often leading to abdominal pain, bleeding, and perforation. Despite advances in understanding and treatment, PUD remains a significant public health concern globally. This thesis aims to explore the epidemiological trends, associated risk factors, and therapeutic interventions for PUD, contributing to the enhancement of clinical management practices.
Purpose: This study seeks to analyze the epidemiology, risk factors, and management approaches of peptic ulcer disease to provide insights into its burden and optimize patient care.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 500 patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease, drawn from multiple healthcare facilities across diverse geographical regions. Data regarding demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, endoscopic findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes were collected and analyzed using statistical software.
Results: The study revealed a male predominance (62%) among patients with PUD, with the majority falling within the age range of 40 to 60 years. Helicobacter pylori infection was identified as the most common etiological factor, present in 70% of cases. Additionally, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use was significantly associated with PUD development, accounting for 25% of cases. Endoscopic findings indicated duodenal ulcers as the most prevalent (55%), followed by gastric ulcers (45%). Triple therapy comprising proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), amoxicillin, and clarithromycin demonstrated the highest efficacy in H. pylori eradication (85%). Moreover, lifestyle modifications and stress reduction techniques were found to play a crucial role in preventing ulcer recurrence.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this thesis has delved into the epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment options for peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Through analyzing a diverse patient sample, we've identified significant links between H. pylori infection, NSAID usage, and PUD. The effectiveness of triple therapy in eradicating H. pylori highlights the importance of early intervention. Moving forward, a comprehensive approach incorporating medication, lifestyle changes, and stress management is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. Further research focusing on personalized treatments and prevention strategies is imperative to address the ongoing challenges posed by PUD.
Keywords: Peptic ulcer disease, Epidemiology, Risk factors, Management, Statistical analysis.
