Title : Robust antibody-mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2 induced by NVX-CoV2373 subunit vaccine adjuvanted with matrix-M
Abstract:
Recently approved vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy in limiting SARS-CoV-2-associated disease. However, with the variety of vaccines, immunization strategies, and waning antibody titers, defining the correlates of immunity across a spectrum of antibody titers is urgently required. Thus, we profiled the humoral immune response in a cohort of non-human primates immunized with an adjuvanted recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (NVX-CoV2373) at two doses, administered as a single- or two-dose regimen. Both antigen dose and boosting significantly altered neutralization titers and Fc-effector profiles, driving unique vaccine-induced antibody fingerprints. Combined differences in antibody effector functions and neutralization were associated with distinct levels of protection in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Moreover, NVX-CoV2373 elicited antibodies that functionally targeted emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Collectively, the data presented here suggest that a single dose may prevent disease via combined Fc/Fab functions but that two doses may be essential to block further transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants.
Audience Take Away:
- The FDA Emergency Use Authorized NVX-CoV2373 subunit vaccine elicits neutralizing and Fc-effector functional antibodies
- The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine protects against upper and lower respiratory tract infection in non-human primates by eliciting neutralizing antibodies and Fc-mediated effector functions
- Vaccine-induced antibody responses in humans exhibit altered Fc-receptor binding to SARS-CoV-2 variants
- Listeners will gain an understanding of a suite of assays developed for the quantification of antibody Fc-mediated recruitment of innate immune functions.
